Climate:

The climate varies according to latitude with the latter as the most important factor. The country can be divided into three distinct climatic zones corresponding broadly to three main geographical divisions. The southern belt has a hot humid climate with temperature remaining fairly even throughout the year between 15o c and 30o c with rainfall ranging between 2,500 mm to 5,000 mm in some areas.

The central inner Himalayas has a cool temperate climate with annual rainfall averaging about 1,000 mm with the western region receiving comparatively higher rainfall.

The higher and more northern region has a severe alpine climate with annual rainfall around 400 mm.
There is substantial variation within this broad range and the climate and rainfall characteristics change dramatically from one valley to an adjacent one with consequent sharp changes in the composition of agricultural production.

Seasons:

• Spring: March- May
• Summer: June- August
• Autumn: September- November
• Winter: December- February